In 2004, unusually high amounts of homoYTXs were detected in mussels. Gonyaulax, genus of dinoflagellate algae (family Gonyaulacaceae) that inhabit marine, fresh, or brackish water. 24-HydroxyYTX demonstrated reduced toxicity compared to YTX. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. 20 per page . 0.000 ~ 150.000 m Record acquisition … not otherwise permitted to reproduce, republish, redistribute, or sell any Supporting Information Information. Ogata T, Ishimaru T, and Kodama M (1987) Effect of water temperature and light intensity on growth rate and toxicity change in Protogonyaulax tamarensis. Marine phytoplankton are microscopic, single celled plants that live in the ocean. Photo courtesy of TDWP . The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Gonyaulax spinifera. Please note: If you switch to a different device, you may be asked to login again with only your ACS ID. Due to an originally confusing description of the species and to the availability of very low number of deposited sequences the doubt arises whether the studied G. spinifera strains belong to the same species. THE TOXICITY OF GONYAULAX MONILATA HOWELL TO MUGIL CEPHALUS Jean A. Gates1 and William B. Wilson U. S. Fish and Wildlife Scrvicc, Galveston, Texas ABSTRACT Laboratory expcrimcnts wcrc conducted to dctcrmine the effects of in u&o cultures of the mnrinc dinoflagellate, Gonynulax monilntn Ilowcll, on fishes. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Euglena . Toxicity has been confirmed for eight dinoflagellates species: Alexandrium minutum, Alexandrium ostenfeldii, Dinophysis fortii, Gonyaulax spinifera, Lingulodinium polyedrum, Ostreopsis cf. Since then, farmed molluscs are yearly found to contain YTXs for long periods with a severe impact on aquaculture activities. In autumn 2002, parasitic dinoflagellates of the genus Amoebophrya Koeppen infected populations of the bloom‐forming thecate dinoflagellates Alexandrium affine (Inoue and Fukuyo) Balech and Gonyaulax spinifera (Claparede and Lachmann) Diesing in coastal waters of Korea. Gonyaulax spinifera (Claparede & Lachmann) Diesing, 1866 synonym: UKSI Classification unranked Biota kingdom Chromista phylum Myzozoa class Dinophyceae order Gonyaulacales family Gonyaulacaceae genus Gonyaulax species Gonyaulax spinifera. However, although the taxonomy of the species complex G. spinifera remains largely unresolved, this study allowed to unambiguously link the presence of G. spinifera to recurring mussel toxicity episodes. Recently, ELISA analyses on single cells indicated Gonyaulax spinifera (Claparède et Lachmann) Diesing 1866 from New Zealand as a YTX producer (Rhodes et al., 2006), thus correlating for the first time the occurrence of such microalga in seawater to mussel toxicity. 13 . Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Electronic Supporting Information files are available without a subscription to ACS Web Editions. the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. The species Gonyaulax spinifera and Lingulodinium polye-drum, which may also produce YTX, have been identified in certain European and American countries (4,7-11). Culturing the G. spinifera strain afforded sufficient biomass for … Culturing the G. spinifera strain afforded sufficient biomass for purification of the new analogue through a series of solvent partitioning and chromatographic steps, yielding ∼0.9 mg as a solid. Your Mendeley pairing has expired. Mar. Photo courtesy of N. Clercin . In 1995, yessotoxins (YTXs) were detected for the first time in Adriatic mussels and their presence was subsequently linked to the presence of Protoceratium reticulatum and occasionally Lingulodinium polyedrum in seawater. Gonyaulax spinifera. ( ) are very close to G. ellegaardiae (Fig. Toxicon 30: 1539 - 1544 ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Toxicity (cyanobacteria only) Texas – golden algae bloom . Gonyaulax spinifera is a species of dinoflagellates in the family Gonyaulacaceae. All types of algae can cause harmful algal blooms under the right conditions. Clementina M.M. Biol. Determination of the toxin content of natural samples (mussels and net haul plankton samples) as well as monitoring of the dinoflagellate species present in seawaters allowed us to correlate the presence of G. spinifera to that of homoYTX in mussels. Longitude. Biotoxin Metrology, National Research Council Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3Z1, Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3Z1, Canada, Structure Elucidation and Relative Toxicity of (24. LC-HRMS/MS chromatogram showing YTX profile in Namibian G. spinifera; comparison of COSY and TOCSY spectra for 1 and 7; ROESY spectrum between 3.6 and 3.4 ppm; LC-MS/MS chromatograms showing extracted traces of hydroxyYTX and YTX from reference materials and an Italian P. reticulatum extract; representative phenotypes of zebrafish larvae exposed to dilution of either 1 or 7; NMR spectra for 7 (1H, 13C, COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, HMBC, and ROESY); NMR spectra for 1 (1H and 13C); LTQ MS fragmentation pathways of 1 and 7; NMR spectroscopic data for 1 and 7 (PDF). Gonyaulax polyedra; Gonyaulax spinifera; Gonyaulax apiculata; Gonyaulax polygramma Stein 1833; Gonyaulax fragilis (Schütt) Kofoid 1911; Gonyaulax ellegaardiae Mertens 2015 ; Gonyaulax is a genus of dinoflagellates with the type species Gonyaulax spinifera (Claparède et Lachmann) Diesing. Golden Algae . Structure Elucidation and Relative Toxicity of (24R)‑24-Hydroxyyessotoxin from a Namibian Isolate of Gonyaulax spinifera. Purified 24-hydroxyYTX was quantitated by NMR, and its relative toxicity evaluated using two embryonic zebrafish toxicity assays. Gonyaulax 57; Prorocentrum 18; toxicity 17; Alexandrium 14; algal blooms 14; more Subject » Search 57 Search Results « Previous | 1 - 20 of 57 | Next » Select all Unselect all Sort by relevance relevance; newest; oldest; title; Number of results to display per page. redistribute this material, requesters must process their own requests via the RightsLink permission Gonyaulax spinifera (Claparede & Lachmann) Diesing. G. spinifera has been recently associated with YTX production in New Zealand. Comparing similar sequences of G. spinifera strains contained in GenBank, divergences among the Adriatic strains and strains of different geographical origin emerged; on the contrary, a good similarity was evidenced (1.3%) between the Adriatic isolate sampled in 2006 and two New Zealand strains; the similarity was confirmed also by the presence in all strains of YTXs, although the New Zealand strains were analyzed by ELISA which could not distinguish among the different YTX analogues. Librarians & Account Managers, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00318. Abstract. Several planktonic species are toxic and are sometimes abundant enough to colour water and cause the phenomenon called red tide, which may kill fish and other animals. In relation to Gonyaulax spinifera, homo-YTX seems to be the main toxin produced by this species. Gonyaulax spinifera, previously considered a non-YTX producer, was isolated from the seawater samples and production of YTX by the cells grown in culture was determined by identification of YTXs by ELISA. Species [ "unknown"] T2000569 WoRMS-ID: 0 # of DB-records (self+all-sibs): 121 # of non-Quantitative records (self+all-sibs): 9316 # of Time Series sites (self+all-sibs): 20 # of Barcodes (self+all-sibs): 0: no photos currently available: 44 Gonyaulax striata . The process of isolating cells and testing each isolate individually for YTX production during toxic blooms are labor intensive, and this impedes our ability to respond quickly to toxic … Species Gonyaulax turbynei Murray & Whitting, 1899. Photo courtesy of T. Bennett . The present work was performed in order to ascertain whether Adriatic G. spinifera was a toxic species. Reviewers, Librarians The planktonic phototrophic dinoflagellate Gonyaulax whaseongensis sp. from the ACS website, either in whole or in part, in either machine-readable form or any other form YTX production within and among dinoflagellate species tested to date is highly variable. ASAP Structure Elucidation and Relative Toxicity of (24 R )-24-Hydroxyyessotoxin from a Namibian Isolate of Gonyaulax spinifera Diatoms . Humans may be Get article recommendations from ACS based on references in your Mendeley library. Principal among these were YTX (1), homoYTX (2), and a tentative hydroxylated analogue that did not correspond to any previously confirmed YTX structures. ). Two G. spinifera isolates, sampled in different years, were analyzed and resulted to be different in both toxin content and gene sequence: the isolate sampled in 2005 produced only low levels of YTX (5.4 pg cell-1) while that sampled in 2006 contained higher toxin amounts, namely 33.4 pg cell-1 of homoYTX and 3.6 pg cell-1 of YTX; the two isolates also differed in 111 and 176 nucleotide positions, … Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Occurrence records. Copyright © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. This article is cited by
For permission to reproduce, republish and Harmful algal blooms of the Benguela eastern boundary upwelling system. Files available from the ACS website may be downloaded for personal use only. Introduction . Photo courtesy of TPWD and G. Turner . 12 . It is a photoautotroph. Liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis of a Namibian strain of Gonyaulax spinifera showed the presence of a number of yessotoxins (YTXs). CRIS Current Research Information System. In addition, several YTX- http://pubs.acs.org/page/copyright/permissions.html, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2020.101898, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409547-2.14816-4. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. These instances are called algal blooms. Higher Classification: > Kingdom Chromista > Subkingdom Harosa > Infrakingdom Alveolata > Phylum Myzozoa > Subphylum Dinozoa > Infraphylum Dinoflagellata > Class Dinophyceae > Order Gonyaulacales > Family Gonyaulacaceae > Genus Gonyaulax Gonyaulax spinifera (Claparède & Lachmann) Diesing, 1866 Rank: Species Taxon Status: accepted Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1. Mangin, 1922. Yessotoxin (YTX) is a globally distributed marine toxin produced by some isolates of the dinoflagellate species Protoceratium reticulatum, Lingulodinium polyedrum, and Gonyaulax spinifera within the order Gonyaulacales. The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00318. Cultures of G. spinifera were set up which gave us the opportunity to investigate toxin content and profile of the dinoflagellate, for the first time, by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and to perform a molecular characterization of the species through rDNA sequencing. Toxicity of Gonyaulax ellegaardiae sp. 95: 217 - 220 Oshima Y, Bolch CJ, and Hallegraeff GM (1992) Toxin composition of resting cysts of Alexandrium tamarense (Dinophyceae). Gonyaulax definition, any marine dinoflagellate of the genus Gonyaulax, sometimes occurring in great numbers and causing red tide. Dodge, and Gonyaulax spinifera Dodge. 20 per page; 50 per page; 100 per page; Search Results. 2 publications. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of in vitro cultures of the marine dinoflagellate, Gonyaulax monilata Howell, on fishes. NMR spectroscopy, ion-trap mass spectrometry, and HRMS identified the new analogue as 24-hydroxyYTX (7). Reference taxon from NCBI Taxonomy. 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